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Tóm tắt
The marine ecosystem is one of the most important natural resources that provide food, income, and livelihood to millions of people worldwide. In the Philippines, marine resources play a significant role in the economy, with the fishing industry alone providing jobs to more than a million people. However, the exploitation of these resources has led to numerous environmental problems such as pollution, overfishing, and habitat destruction, which have detrimental effects on the ecosystem's health and productivity. This review paper aims to provide an overview of innovative approaches that have been developed in the Philippines to address these environmental issues. These approaches include technological innovations such as ocean monitoring systems, marine robotics, and bioremediation, as well as policy innovations such as the establishment of marine protected areas, the implementation of sustainable fishing practices, and the reduction of plastic waste. The paper highlights the importance of collaboration between stakeholders, including government agencies, non-government organizations, and local communities, in the development and implementation of these approaches. Furthermore, the paper stresses the need for continuous monitoring and evaluation of these innovations to ensure their effectiveness and sustainability. In conclusion, this review paper provides valuable insights into the innovative approaches that have been developed in the Philippines to address environmental issues in the marine ecosystem. These approaches offer potential solutions that could be applied in other regions of the world, where similar environmental problems exist.be present in the body of the article.
Keywords: Marine ecosystem, Pollution, Sustainable conservation, Technological innovations, Policy innovations